David W Galbraith

David W Galbraith

Professor, Plant Science
Professor, Biomedical Engineering
Professor, BIO5 Institute
Primary Department
Department Affiliations
Contact
(520) 621-9153

Work Summary

I examine the molecular functions of the different cells found in the tissues and organs of plants and animals and how they combine these functions to optimize the health and vigor of the organism.

Research Interest

David Galbraith obtained undergraduate and graduate degrees in Biochemistry from the University of Cambridge, and postdoctoral training as a NATO Fellow at Stanford University. His first academic appointment was at the University of Nebraska Lincoln, and he became Professor of Plant Sciences at the University of Arizona in 1989. His research has focused on the development of instrumentation and methods for the analysis of biological cells, organs, and systems. He is internationally recognized as a pioneer in the development and use of flow cytometry and sorting in plants, developing widely-used methods for the analysis of genome size and cell cycle status, and for the production of somatic hybrids. He also was among the first to develop methods for the analysis of gene expression within specific cell types, using markers based on Fluorescent Protein expression for flow sorting these cells, and microarray platforms for analysis of their transcriptional activities and protein complements. Current interests include applications of highly parallel platforms for transcript and protein profiling of minimal sample sizes, and for analysis of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression during normal development and in diseased states, specifically pancreatic cancer. He is also funded to study factors involved in the regulation of bud dormancy in Vitis vinifera, and has interests in biodiversity and improvement of third-world agriculture. He has published more than 180 scholarly research articles, holds several patents, was elected a Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science in 2002, and serves on the editorial board of Cytometry Part A. He is widely sought as a speaker, having presented over 360 seminars in academic, industrial and conference settings. He was elected Secretary of the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry in 2016. Keywords: Plant and Animal Cellular Engineering; Biological Instrumentation; Flow Cytometry and Sorting

Publications

Gardiner, J. M., Buell, C. R., Elumalai, R., Galbraith, D. W., Henderson, D. A., Iniguez, A. L., Kaeppler, S. M., Kim, J. J., Liu, J., Smith, A., Zheng, L., & Chandler, V. L. (2005). Design, production, and utilization of long oligonucleotide microarrays for expression analysis in maize. Maydica, 50(3-4), 425-435.

Abstract:

Analysis of gene expression on a genome scale can provide useful insights into plant growth and development, and an understanding of the mechanisms used by plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stress. To facilitate analysis of genome-wide gene expression in maize, we have assembled a large collection of maize EST and genomic sequences, designed a set of 57,442 maize 70-mer oligonucleotides to represent these sequences, and printed a two-slide microarray set (MOA and MOB) which is available to the maize research community at minimal cost. To monitor array quality, we have developed a series of printing controls and procedures that when coupled with a 9-mer hybridization assay, allow tracking of spot morphology and printing pin carryover. An optimized hybridization protocol has been developed by testing a series of hybridization temperatures and performing detailed statistical analyses. To facilitate management of all long-oligonucleotide associated array data, Zeamage, a Sybase relational database has been developed and is available at www.maizearray.org. Zeamage contains the appropriate tables and fields for tracking the oligonucleotide sequences and associated annotation, array design, and biological information associated with the microarray hybridizations. The www.maizearray.org web-site provides additional information on the project, array content, and data analysis tools.

Galbraith, D. W., Bourque, D. P., & Bohnert, H. J. (1995). Preface. Methods in Cell Biology, 50(C), xxi-xxii.
BIO5 Collaborators
David W Galbraith, Laurence Hurley
Galbraith, D. W. (1990). Chapter 48 Flow Cytometric Analysis of Plant Genomes. Methods in Cell Biology, 33(C), 549-562.
Barthelson, R. A., Qaisar, U., & Galbraith, D. W. (2010). Functional analysis of the gossypium arboreum genome. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 28(2), 334-343.

Abstract:

Gossypium arboreum is an Old World relative of the more commonly cultivated commercial species Gossypium hirsutum, a newer genetic line formed in the New World. G. arboreum has the important property that it can be cultivated in severely hot, dry climates. The genome of G. arboreum has not been completely sequenced, and annotation for the genome is not extensive. We studied the genome of G. arboreum by using cross-species hybridization studies with genomic microarrays for the more annotated species, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. Approximately 30% of the probes on the A. thaliana and O. sativa microarrays were hybridized effectively by target samples prepared from G. arboreum genomic DNA. Many of genes tentatively identified by hybridization function in various levels of the stress response. Cross-species hybridization can provide effective clues as to potentially valuable genes that may be present in a less well-studied species such as G. arboreum. The stress response genes tentatively identified in these studies should provide useful clues for further studies toward the development of hardier strains of cotton. © 2009 Springer-Verlag.

Galbraith, D., Zhang, C., Barthelson, R. A., Lambert, G. M., & Galbraith, D. W. (2008). Global characterization of cell-specific gene expression through fluorescence-activated sorting of nuclei. Plant physiology, 147(1).

We describe a simple and highly effective means for global identification of genes that are expressed within specific cell types within complex tissues. It involves transgenic expression of nuclear-targeted green fluorescent protein in a cell-type-specific manner. The fluorescent nuclei are then purified from homogenates by fluorescence-activated sorting, and the RNAs employed as targets for microarray hybridization. We demonstrate the validity of the approach through the identification of 12 genes that are selectively expressed in phloem.