Hulme, C. (2005). Applications of Multicomponent Reactions in Drug Discovery - Lead Generation to Process Development. Multicomponent Reactions, 311-341.
Hulme, C., Gunawan, S., Ayaz, M., De Moliner, F., Frett, B., Kaiser, C., Patrick, N., Xu, Z., & Hulme, C. -. (2012). Synthesis of Tetrazolo-Fused Benzodiazepines and Benzodiazepinones by a Two-Step Protocol Using an Ugi-Azide Reaction for Initial Diversity Generation. Tetrahedron, 68(27-28).
A two-step strategy for the synthesis of arrays of tricyclic tetrazolo-fused benzodiazepines and benzodiazepinones has been investigated. The protocol uses ortho-N-Boc phenylisocyanides and phenylglyoxaldehydes or ethyl glyoxylate in the 4-component Ugi-Azide reaction to afford MCR (Multi Component Reactions) derived adducts equipped with the desired diversity inputs. A subsequent acidic treatment (TFA/DCE) allows a simultaneous deprotection-cyclization leading to the final products.
Hulme, C., & Lee, Y. (2008). Emerging approaches for the syntheses of bicyclic imidazo[1,2-x]- heterocycles. Molecular Diversity, 12(1), 1-15.
PMID: 18409015;Abstract:
Imidazo-[1,2-x]heterocycles are versatile building blocks for use in both a 'drug hunters' quest to discover new leads and a chemical biologists search for effective molecular tools in 'cell perturbation' studies. At the front end of the drug discovery flow chart, the last 5-10 years have witnessed the discovery of new high-throughput methodologies which very quickly have enabled access to virtual libraries of these chemo-types in the realm of 107 derivatives. Interestingly, these often neglected cores in patent cooperation treaty (PCT) applications appear in several highly effective marketed drugs, completing the medicinal chemists search for clinical success. Such rigid chemo-types, all containing a bridgehead nitrogen atom, are thus poised for an ever increasing impact on the discovery and development of new molecular therapeutics. The following mini-review will briefly cover therapeutic utility, chemical methodologies and automation developed to enable preparation of arrays of these chemo-types in a high-throughput manner. Synthetic emphasis is placed on a 3-component-3-center isocyanide based multi-component reaction (IMCR), which spans solution, solid phase, flourous and microwave assisted organic synthesis. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Hulme, C., Liang, M. a., Cherrier, M., Romano, J. J., Morton, G., Duquenne, C., Salvino, J., & Labaudiniere, R. (2000). Novel applications of convertible isonitriles for the synthesis of mono and bicyclic γ-lactams via a UDC strategy. Tetrahedron Letters, 41(12), 1883-1887.
Abstract:
This communication reveals a novel application of the so-called convertible isonitriles for the solution/solid phase generation of γ-lactam analogues. Use of tethered N-BOC aldehydes in the Ugi multi-component reaction (MCR), followed by BOC removal and base treatment (a '3-step, 1-pot procedure') affords γ-lactams in good yield. The UDC (Ugi/De-BOC/Cyclize) strategy, coupled with a convertible isonitrile, is now feasible from all three substitution sites of the Ugi product. A conceptually novel approach, combining a bi-functional precursor with a post-condensation modification to give fused lactam-ketopiperazines, is also revealed. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Gunawan, S., Keck, K., Laetsch, A., & Hulme, C. (2012). Synthesis of peptidomimetics, δ- And ε-lactam tetrazoles. Molecular Diversity, 16(3), 601-606.
PMID: 22622388;Abstract:
A concise two-step procedure for the synthesis of novel δ-lactam tetrazoles has been established via the Ugi-azide reaction using 5-oxohexanoic acid along with primary amines, isocyanides, and azidotrimethylsilane followed by 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole-mediated intramolecular amide formation. Expansion to ε-lactam tetrazole scaffolds was accomplished using methyl 6-oxoheptanoate via the same Ugi-azide reaction followed by basic hydrolysis and SOCl2 activation to enable lactam formation. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012.