David W Galbraith

David W Galbraith

Professor, Plant Science
Professor, Biomedical Engineering
Professor, BIO5 Institute
Primary Department
Department Affiliations
Contact
(520) 621-9153

Work Summary

I examine the molecular functions of the different cells found in the tissues and organs of plants and animals and how they combine these functions to optimize the health and vigor of the organism.

Research Interest

David Galbraith obtained undergraduate and graduate degrees in Biochemistry from the University of Cambridge, and postdoctoral training as a NATO Fellow at Stanford University. His first academic appointment was at the University of Nebraska Lincoln, and he became Professor of Plant Sciences at the University of Arizona in 1989. His research has focused on the development of instrumentation and methods for the analysis of biological cells, organs, and systems. He is internationally recognized as a pioneer in the development and use of flow cytometry and sorting in plants, developing widely-used methods for the analysis of genome size and cell cycle status, and for the production of somatic hybrids. He also was among the first to develop methods for the analysis of gene expression within specific cell types, using markers based on Fluorescent Protein expression for flow sorting these cells, and microarray platforms for analysis of their transcriptional activities and protein complements. Current interests include applications of highly parallel platforms for transcript and protein profiling of minimal sample sizes, and for analysis of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression during normal development and in diseased states, specifically pancreatic cancer. He is also funded to study factors involved in the regulation of bud dormancy in Vitis vinifera, and has interests in biodiversity and improvement of third-world agriculture. He has published more than 180 scholarly research articles, holds several patents, was elected a Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science in 2002, and serves on the editorial board of Cytometry Part A. He is widely sought as a speaker, having presented over 360 seminars in academic, industrial and conference settings. He was elected Secretary of the International Society for Advancement of Cytometry in 2016. Keywords: Plant and Animal Cellular Engineering; Biological Instrumentation; Flow Cytometry and Sorting

Publications

Galbraith, D. W. (1990). Chapter 47 Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Plant Protoplasts. Methods in Cell Biology, 33(C), 527-547.
Keilin, T., Pang, X., Venkateswari, J., Halaly, T., Crane, O., Keren, A., Ogrodovitch, A., Ophir, R., Volpin, H., Galbraith, D., & Etti, O. r. (2007). Digital expression profiling of a grape-bud EST collection leads to new insight into molecular events during grape-bud dormancy release. Plant Science, 173(4), 446-457.

Abstract:

The application of genomic approaches may serve as an initial step in broadening our understanding of the complex network of biochemical and cellular processes responsible for the regulation and execution of grape-bud dormancy release. However, bud tissue in general, and the dormant bud in particular, are under-represented in the public Vitis genomic resources. Here we describe a large-scale grape-bud EST collection representing a wide range of bud developmental stages. A collection of 5516 consensus sequences is presented, of which 59% were not included within the Vitis TIGR collection at the time of current analysis. About 22% of these transcripts bear no resemblance to any known plant transcript and thus corroborate the need for this targeted EST collection. The added value of the presented EST collection lies in the conferred ability to compare EST frequencies between the different cDNA libraries. Such comparison was implemented and allowed us to identify several genes/functions whose expression is altered in response to the dormancy-release treatment. Based on this analysis, it is suggested that oxidative stress, calcium signaling, intracellular vesicle trafficking and anaerobic mode of carbohydrate metabolism play a role in the regulation and execution of grape-bud dormancy release. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mustroph, A., Zanetti, M. E., J., C., Holtan, H. E., Repetti, P. P., Galbraith, D. W., Girke, T., & Bailey-Serres, J. (2009). Profiling translatomes of discrete cell populations resolves altered cellular priorities during hypoxia in Arabidopsis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(44), 18843-18848.

PMID: 19843695;PMCID: PMC2764735;Abstract:

Multicellular organs are composed of distinct cell types with unique assemblages of translated mRNAs. Here, ribosome-associated mRNAs were immunopurified from specific cell populations of intact seedlings using Arabidopsis thaliana lines expressing a FLAG-epitope tagged ribosomal protein L18 (FLAG-RPL18) via developmentally regulated promoters. The profiling of mRNAs in ribosome complexes, referred to as the translatome, identified differentially expressed mRNAs in 21 cell populations defined by cell-specific expression of FLAG-RPL18. Phloem companion cells of the root and shoot had the most distinctive translatomes. When seedlings were exposed to a brief period of hypoxia, a pronounced reprioritization of mRNA enrichment in the cell-specific translatomes occurred, including a ubiquitous rise in 49 mRNAs encoding transcription factors, signaling proteins, anaerobic metabolism enzymes, and uncharacterized proteins. Translatome profiling also exposed an intricate molecular signature of transcription factor (TF) family member mRNAs that was markedly reconfigured by hypoxia at global and cell-specific levels. In addition to the demonstration of the complexity and plasticity of cell-specific populations of ribosome-associated mRNAs, this study provides an in silico dataset for recognition of differentially expressed genes at the cell-, region-, and organ-specific levels.

Galbraith, D. W., Macas, J., Pierson, E. A., Xu, W., & Nouzová, M. (2001). Printing DNA microarrays using the Biomek 2000 laboratory automation workstation.. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 170, 131-140.
Galbraith, D., & Galbraith, D. W. (1990). Flow cytometric analysis of plant genomes. Methods in cell biology, 33.