Scott B Going

Scott B Going

Director, School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness
Professor, Nutritional Sciences
Professor, Public Health
Professor, Physiology
Professor, Physiological Sciences - GIDP
Professor, BIO5 Institute
Primary Department
Department Affiliations
Contact
(520) 626-3432

Work Summary

Scott Going is an expert in models and methods for assessment of changes in body composition during growth, and with aging, and is currently investigating the effects of chronic exercise versus hormone replacement therapy on bone, soft tissue composition and muscle strength in postmenopausal women, as well as the role of exercise in obesity prevention in children.

Research Interest

Current projects include:The Bone, Estrogen and Strength Training (BEST) study, a randomized prospective study of the effects of hormone replacement therapy on bone mineral density, soft tissue composition, and muscle strength in postmenopausal women (National Institutes of Health). The Profile-based Internet-linked Obesity Treatment study (PILOT), a randomized study of internet support for weight maintenance after weight loss in peri-menopausal women (National Institutes of Health). The Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG) study, a multi-center, school-based activity trial designed to prevent the usual decline in physical activity in adolescent girls (National Institutes of Health). The Adequate Calcium Today (ACT) study, a randomized multi-center study of a behavioral intervention to promote healthy eating, calcium intake and bone development in adolescent girls (United States Department of Agriculture). The Healthy Weight in Adolescents study, a randomized, multi-center study of the effects of a science-based curriculum focused on concepts of energy balance on body weight and composition in adolescent boys and girls (United States Department of Agriculture). The KNEE study, a randomized clinical trial of the effects of resistance exercise on disease progression, pain, and functional capacity in osteoarthritis patients (National Institutes of Health). The STRONG study, a randomized clinical trial of the effects of resistance exercise and Remicaid on disease progression, pain, muscle strength and functional capacity in rheumatoid arthritis patients (Centocor, Inc.). Partners for Healthy Active Children, Campañeros Para Niños Sano y Actives, designed to create and implement research-based physical education and nutrition curricula at YMCA after-school programs and Sunnyside District elementary schools, in alignment with the State o Arizona , Health and Physical Activity standards (Carol M. White Physical Education Program CFDA #84.215F). Longitudinal Changes in Hip Geometry, an observational and experimental cohort study of changes in muscle mass, hip structural parameters and hip bone strength in middle-aged and older women in the Women's Healthy Initiative study (National Institutes of Health).

Publications

Stefanick, M. L., Thomson, C. A., Cauley, J. A., LeBoff, M. S., Cannell, B., LaMonte, M. J., Going, S. B., Shadyab, A. H., Groessl, E., Brunner, R. B., Garcia, D. O., Wertheim, B. C., & Laddu, D. R. (2017). Associations between time-varying Physical Activity on Physical Performance Measures in Postmenopausal Women: The Women’s Health Initiative. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 65(10), 2176–2181. doi:10.1111/jgs.14991
Lee, S., Young, D. R., Pratt, C. A., Jobe, J. B., Chae, S. E., McMurray, R. G., Johnson, C. C., Going, S. B., Elder, J. P., & Stevens, J. (2012). Effects of parents' employment status on changes in body mass index and percent body fat in adolescent girls. Childhood Obesity, 8(6), 526-532.

PMID: 23181918;PMCID: PMC3647591;Abstract:

Parents' employment status is frequently cited as a possible predictor of child weight status. Despite the importance of the topic, only a few studies have been conducted. No longitudinal studies have been conducted in the United States. A cohort of 1201 girls from the Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls was used. Height, weight, and percent body fat (PBF) were measured at the 6th and 8th grades. Parents' employment status (measured at 6th grade) was categorized into working full time (reference), part time, unemployed, working or staying at home, and don't know. Mixed-model regression was used to reflect the hierarchical design of our study and adjusted for age, race, parents' education level, free or reduced-price school lunch status, and living arrangement. Girls whose mothers worked part time or stayed at home had a decreased risk of excess weight gain [relative risk (RR) = 0.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88, 1.00; RR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.79, 1.00, respectively] compared to girls whose mothers worked full time. Girls whose fathers were unemployed had a moderately increased risk of excess weight gain (RR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.00, 1.26) compared to girls whose fathers worked full time. Having an unemployed mother or part-time or stay-at-home father was not associated with excess weight gain. Parents' employment status was not associated with excess PBF gain. Our findings suggest that the availability of the mother has a greater influence on the weight of the daughter than the availability of the father. There is a need for a better understanding of how parents' employment status influences excess weight gain in adolescent girls. © 2012 by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2012.

Chen, Z., Beck, T. J., Cauley, J. A., Lewis, C. E., LaCroix, A., Bassford, T., Guanglin, W. u., Sherrill, D., & Going, S. (2008). Hormone therapy improves femur geometry among ethnically diverse postmenopausal participants in the women's health initiative hormone intervention trials. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 23(12), 1935-1945.

PMID: 18665788;PMCID: PMC2686920;Abstract:

Loss of bone strength underlies osteoporotic fragility fractures. We hypothesized that hormone interventions significantly improve the structural geometry of proximal femur cross-sections. Study participants were from the Women's Health Initiative hormone intervention trials: either the conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) only (Nplacebo = 447, NCEE = 422) trial or the estrogen (E) plus progestin (P) (Nplacebo = 441, N E+P = 503) trial, who were 50-79 yr old at baseline and were followed up to 6 yr. BMD scans by DXA were conducted at baseline, year 1, year 3, and year 6. Femur geometry was derived from hip DXA scans using the hip structural analysis (HSA) method. Mixed effects models with the intent-to-treat analysis approach were used. There were no significant differences in treatment effects between the E-alone and the E + P trial, so the analyses were conducted with participants combined from both trials. Treatment benefits (p 0.05) on femur geometry were observed as early as 1 yr after the intervention. From baseline to year 6, section modulus (a measure of maximum bending stress) was preserved, and buckling ratio (an index of cortical instability under compression) was reduced by hormone interventions (p 0.05); the differences in the percent changes from baseline to year 6 between women on hormone intervention versus women on placebo were 2.3-3.6% for section modulus and -5.3% to -4.3% for buckling ratio. Hormone interventions led to favorable changes in femur geometry, which may help explain the reduced fracture risk observed in hormone interventions. © 2008 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.